Message processing

ABSTRACT

Devices, systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with message processing are described. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes an interaction logic to interact with a message associated with an isochronous stream. The message is associated with a class of information provided on the isochronous stream. The apparatus includes a history logic to monitor messages associated with the class of information. The history logic determines a class history for the class of information. The apparatus includes a process logic to selectively process the message based on the class history.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.12/276,955 filed on Nov. 24, 2008, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C.§119(e) to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 61/017,362 filed onDec. 28, 2007. The disclosures of the applications referenced above areincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

Applications including video conferencing, video telephony, and otherapplications that transmit video may process video data. An isochronousstream may be used to carry the video data. The video data may be routedthrough a network that includes one or more network devices. The networkdevices may include, for example, switches, routers, network interfacecards, and so on. Representing an image may require large amounts ofvideo data. A network device routing the video data may becomeoverwhelmed with the large amount of video data.

Video quality may suffer when the network device is overwhelmed. Also,momentary bursts of traffic may tie up a port in a network device. Whiletied up, the port is not available to other streams of video data beingprocessed in the network device. Network resources may also need to beprotected from being abused by traffic profile violating streams.

A Stream Registration Protocol (SRP) has been developed to provide areliable network quality of service. Isochronous streams may beprovisioned in the network device using the SRP. The isochronous streamis provisioned before the actual data exchange with the network deviceoccurs.

During a stream registration phase, an SRP software layer determineswhether the hardware has adequate resources to handle a new data stream.The determination includes summing a data rate of the isochronousstreams provisioned for a given port. The summation may then be used asa threshold. The threshold may determine whether incoming isochronoustraffic is accepted for a given port. Despite careful calculations inthe SRP for configuring bandwidths for each isochronous stream, inherentmomentary traffic bursts introduced by the network may still overwhelm aport. The momentary traffic burst may still exceed a CommittedInformation Rate (CIR) for a given time slot window. When the CIR isexceeded, network data may be affected. For example, video quality maysuffer. A more efficient way of processing network data may be desired.

SUMMARY

In one embodiment, an apparatus includes an interaction logic tointeract with a message associated with an isochronous stream. Themessage is associated with a class of information provided on theisochronous stream. The apparatus includes a history logic to monitormessages associated with the class of information. The history logicdetermines a class history for the class of information. The apparatusincludes a process logic to selectively process the message based on theclass history.

In one embodiment, the message may be rejected or accepted withqualifications. For example, the message may be accepted when the classhistory is below a first threshold and the message may be accepted withqualifications when a value of the class history is between the firstthreshold and a second threshold. The message may be rejected when theclass history is above the second threshold. The first threshold may bea committed burst size (CBS) limit and the second threshold may be anexcess burst size (EBS) limit.

In another embodiment, the apparatus may detect a packet that belongs toa packet class and increment a bucket count. The packet class may beassociated with a class time slot interval and/or with quality ofservice. The apparatus decreases the bucket count at the end of theclass time slot interval. The apparatus determines a port utilizationvalue based on the bucket count and selectively processes the packetbased on the port utilization value.

Another embodiment includes a method. The method includes receiving apacket that may belong to a packet class and be associated with a classtime slot interval and/or a quality of service property. A packet sizeof the packet received is added to a bucket count that may be associatedwith the packet class. A CBS limit is subtracted from the bucket countat the end of a time slot interval. A port utilization value isdetermined based on the bucket count. The packet is processed based onthe port utilization value. Upon determining that the port utilizationvalue is below a first threshold value, a stream of traffic that may beassociated with the packet is provisioned. The stream of traffic may beprovisioned using a SRP. Upon determining the port utilization value isabove an EBS limit, the packet is dropped. Upon determining that theport utilization value is between the first threshold and a secondthreshold, the packet is forwarded and a flow control message is sent toa source of the packet. Upon determining that the port utilization valueis above the second threshold, the packet is rejected and a flow controlmessage is sent to a source of the packet.

In another embodiment, the first threshold is a CBS limit and the secondthreshold is an EBS limit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute apart of the specification, illustrate various example systems, methods,and other example embodiments of various aspects of the invention. Itwill be appreciated that the illustrated element boundaries (e.g.,boxes, groups of boxes, or other shapes) in the figures represent oneexample of the boundaries. One of ordinary skill in the art willappreciate that in some examples one element may be designed as multipleelements or that multiple elements may be designed as one element. Insome examples, an element shown as an internal component of anotherelement may be implemented as an external component and vice versa.Furthermore, elements may not be drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of an apparatus associated withmessage processing.

FIG. 2 illustrates one embodiment of a bucket associated with messageprocessing.

FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of an apparatus associated withmessage processing.

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a method associated with messageprocessing.

FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a method associated withmessage processing.

FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of a method associated withmessage processing.

FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of a method associated withmessage processing.

FIG. 8 illustrates one embodiment of a computing environment in whichexample systems and methods, and equivalents associated with messageprocessing may be implemented.

FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment of a vehicle associated with messageprocessing.

FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment of a high definition television (HDTV)associated with message processing.

FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of a cellular phone associated withmessage processing.

FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment of a set top box associated withmessage processing.

FIG. 13 illustrates an embodiment of a media player associated withmessage processing.

FIG. 14 illustrates an embodiment of a voice over Internet protocol(VoIP) phone associated with message processing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Described herein are example systems, methods and other embodimentsassociated with selectively processing messages. Messages may beassociated with an isochronous stream. An isochronous stream assignsslots for each data source transmitting data over the isochronousstream. The isochronous stream repeatedly cycles through each of theslots in a regular order when transmitting data. An isochronous streamis a data transmission/reception that is time aware or time sensitive(e.g. time-dependent data, audio/video data). The isochronous stream mayhave a class time slot interval. The definition of class time slot isapplication specific. For example, the time slot interval may range from62.5 micro-seconds to 1 millisecond.

In one embodiment, a measurement of the throughput of the isochronousstream may be made in bits per class time slot interval. The measurementmay indicate a utilization level of the isochronous stream. Determininga utilization level based on bits per class time slot interval may becalled Interval Time Slot Metering (ITSM).

In one embodiment, an ITSM logic monitors the bits per class time slotinterval of the isochronous stream. The ITSM logic may accept messagesfrom a new stream when the bits per class time slot interval is below athreshold value. Accepting messages when the bits per class time slotinterval is below a threshold value ensures that packet memory pointersin packet memory and other network resources are protected from beingabused. Accepting messages based on a threshold value also ensures thatthe rest of the isochronous streams belonging to a different classand/or non-isochronous streams are not affected by a momentary burst inisochronous traffic that belongs to another class.

The following includes definitions of selected terms employed herein.The definitions include various examples and/or forms of components thatfall within the scope of a term and that may be used for implementation.The examples are not intended to be limiting. Both singular and pluralforms of terms may be within the definitions.

References to “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “one example”, “anexample”, and so on, indicate that the embodiment(s) or example(s) sodescribed may include a particular feature, structure, characteristic,property, element, or limitation, but that not every embodiment orexample necessarily includes that particular feature, structure,characteristic, property, element or limitation. Furthermore, repeateduse of the phrase “in one embodiment” does not necessarily refer to thesame embodiment, though it may.

“Computer-readable medium”, as used herein, refers to a medium thatstores signals, instructions and/or data. A computer-readable medium maytake forms, including, but not limited to, non-volatile media, andvolatile media. Non-volatile media may include, for example, opticaldisks, magnetic disks, and so on. Volatile media may include, forexample, semiconductor memories, dynamic memory, and so on. Common formsof a computer-readable medium may include, but are not limited to, afloppy disk, a flexible disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, othermagnetic medium, an (application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), aprogrammable logic device, a compact disk (CD), other optical medium, arandom access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a memory chip orcard, a memory stick, and other media from which a computer, a processoror other electronic device can read.

“Logic”, as used herein, includes but is not limited to hardware,firmware, software stored or in execution on a machine, and/orcombinations of each to perform a function(s) or an action(s), and/or tocause a function or action from another logic, method, and/or system.Logic may include a software controlled microprocessor, a discrete logic(e.g., ASIC), an analog circuit, a digital circuit, a programmed logicdevice, a memory device containing instructions, and so on. Logic mayinclude one or more gates, combinations of gates, or other circuitcomponents. Where multiple logical logics are described, it may bepossible to incorporate the multiple logical logics into one physicallogic. Similarly, where a single logical logic is described, it may bepossible to distribute that single logical logic between multiplephysical logics.

FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of an apparatus 100 associated withselectively processing a message. The apparatus 100 may be part of anetwork. The apparatus 100 may be receiving and rerouting video datamessages. The messages may at times arrive in bursts. The apparatus 100includes an interaction logic 110. The interaction logic 110 interactswith a message associated with an isochronous stream processed by theapparatus 100. The message is associated with a class of informationprovided on the isochronous stream. In one embodiment, the interactionlogic 110 may receive the message.

In one embodiment, the apparatus 100 includes a history logic 120. Thehistory logic 120 monitors messages associated with the class ofinformation. The history logic 120 determines a class history for theclass of information as processed by the apparatus 100. In oneembodiment, the history logic 120 determines a bucket value associatedwith the class history. The history logic 120 may increase the bucketvalue when the message is received and/or may decrease the bucket valueat the end of a class time slot interval. The class time slot intervalmay be associated with the isochronous stream. In another embodiment,the history logic 120 monitors messages associated with the class ofinformation on the port.

The apparatus 100 includes process logic 130. The process logic 130selectively processes the message based on the class history. Forexample, the process logic 130 may accept the message, reject themessage, or accept the message with qualifications. The message may beaccepted based on the class history. In one embodiment, the processlogic 130 accepts the message when a value of the class history is belowa first threshold. The process logic 130 accepts the message withqualifications when a value of the class history is between the firstthreshold and a second threshold. The process logic 130 rejects themessage when a value of the class history is above the second threshold.In one embodiment, the first threshold is a committed burst size (CBS)limit and the second threshold is an excess burst size (EBS) limit. Theoperation of the apparatus 100 as described above may be called IntervalTime Slot Metering (ITSM).

In one embodiment, the class history value may be associated with abucket 200 as shown in FIG. 2. The bucket 200 has an opening 210 and anoutlet 220. The class history may be represented by bucket value. Thebucket value may be represented by a level of tokens in the bucket 200.In one embodiment, when the apparatus 100 is initialized, the tokenlevel of the bucket is set to zero or a selected starting point.

For example, when a message is received by the interaction logic 110,tokens (or token credits) may be added to the bucket 200. In oneembodiment, the number of tokens added for a message may represent or beequal to the message size and may be expressed in bytes or other sizevalue. In another embodiment, one token may be added per messagereceived. In one embodiment, tokens flow out of the outlet 220 at aconstant rate. In one embodiment, tokens are removed from the bucket 200at the end of the class time slot interval.

The process logic 130 may process the message based on the tokens in thebucket 200. The first threshold may be represented by first level 230 oftokens and the second threshold may be represented by a second level 240of tokens. The process logic 130 accepts the message when the tokenlevel is below the first level 230. The process logic 130 accepts themessage with qualifications when the token level is between the firstlevel 230 and the second level 240. The process logic 130 rejects themessage when a value of the token level is above the second level 240.In one embodiment, the first level is a committed burst size (CBS) limitand the second level is an excess burst size (EBS) limit.

In some embodiments, the history logic 120 and the process logic 130 mayimplement the algorithms expressed in the following pseudo code:

Function ITSM_ALGORITHM

begin

If (CTSEvent & (˜PktArrived|(PktArrived & ˜PriMaskMatch)))

// CTSEvent corresponds to beginning of every class time slot.

// PktArrived signal takes into consideration if an ingress packetarrived

// belonging to this class.

// PriMaskMatch indicates if the incoming packets priority matches withthe

// PriMask bit for this bucket.

// PriMask is a value for setting a priority mask.

-   -   If (CurrBktDepth≧CBSLimit)    -   // CBSLimit is the committed burst size (CBS) limit.        -   CurrBktDepthNew=(CurrBktDepth−CBSLimit)        -   // CurrBktDepth and CBSlimit are from bkt status and            configuration        -   // registers    -   else        -   CurrBktDepthNew=0;    -   else if (˜CTSEvent & (PktArrived & PriMaskMatch))        -   CurrBktDepthNew=(CurrBktDepth+PktBytes);        -   // CurrBktDepthNew is the new current bucket depth.        -   // PktBytes is number of bytes of the incoming packet noted            by        -   // ingress.        -   Function PKTDECISION ( );    -   else if (CTSEvent & (PktArrived & PriMaskMatch))        -   if (CurrBktDepth≧CBSLimit)            -   CurrBktDepthNew=(CurrBktDepth+PktBytes−CBSLimit);    -   else        -   CurrBktDepthNew=PktBytes        -   Function PKTDECISION ( );            end            Function PKTDECISION            begin

If (CurrBktDepthNew≦CBSLimit)

-   -   ITSM_DROP=0;

// ITSM_DROP signals to drop the incoming message.

else if (˜ActionMode)

// ActionMode is a register bit indicating to accept the message event

// when the new current bucket depth is above the CBS limit.

-   -   ITSM_DROP=1;

else if (CurrBktDepthNew≦EBSLimit)

// EBSLimit is from bucket configuration registers

-   -   ITSM_DROP=0;    -   CurrBktDepth=CurrBktDepthNew;

else

-   -   ITSM_DROP=1;        end // Note that calculations are assumed to be unsigned and        CurrBktDepth

// value gets capped at zero.

FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of an apparatus 300 that processesmessages. The apparatus 300 includes a receive logic 310 to receive apacket. The packet may be associated with an isochronous stream. Thepacket may belong to a packet class. The receive logic 310 adds a firstvalue to a bucket count. The first value may be the packet size measuredin bytes. The bucket count is associated with the packet class. Thepacket class may be associated with a class time slot interval. Theclass time slot interval may be 62.5 micro-seconds, 125 micro-seconds,250 micro-seconds, and 1 millisecond. Of course, other time slotintervals can be used depending on a particular application. The packetclass may be associated with a quality of service property.

The apparatus 300 includes an interval measurement logic 320. Theinterval measurement logic 320 may subtract a second value from thebucket count. The second value may be subtracted at the end of the classtime slot interval. The interval measurement logic 320 may prevent thebucket count from going below zero by clipping negative bucket countvalues to zero. The bucket count may be associated with the bucket 200discussed above. In one embodiment, the second value is a committedburst size (CBS) limit.

The apparatus 300 includes a bucket logic 330. The bucket logic 330determines a port utilization value. The port utilization value may bebased on the bucket count.

The apparatus 300 includes a process logic 340. The process logic 340selectively processes the packet. The packet may be processed based onthe port utilization value. The process logic 340 may compare the portutilization value to a first threshold and a second threshold. The firstthreshold may be the committed burst size (CBS) limit and the secondthreshold may be an excess burst size (EBS) limit. The process logic 340may accept the packet when the port utilization value is below the firstthreshold.

The process logic 340 may accept the packet and forward the packet whenthe process logic 340 determines that the port utilization value isbetween the first threshold and the second threshold. In one embodiment,the process logic 340 may send a flow control message to a source of thepacket when the port utilization value is between the first thresholdand the second threshold. The flow control message may let the source ofthe packet know that the apparatus 300 is busy. The flow control messagemay indicate that subsequent messages sent from the source of the packetto the apparatus 300 may be dropped.

The process logic 340 may determine that the port utilization value isabove the second threshold. The process logic 340 may reject the packetwhen the port utilization value is above the second threshold. Theprocess logic 340 may drop the packet when the port utilization value isabove an excess burst size (EBS) limit. When the packet is dropped, thepacket is not sent back to a source of the packet. In one embodiment,the process logic 340 rejects the packet. The process logic 340 may alsosend a flow control message to the source of the packet. The flowcontrol message may let the source of the packet know that the packethas been rejected.

In one embodiment, the bucket count may be based, in part, on tokencredits as previously described. In one embodiment, the apparatus 300will not flush unused token credits from the bucket count between classtime slot intervals.

In one embodiment, the process logic 340 may selectively provision (e.g.configure) a stream of traffic associated with the packet. The processlogic 340 may provision the stream of traffic using a streamregistration protocol (SRP). The process logic 340 may selectivelyprovision the stream of traffic when the port utilization value is belowa threshold value. The process logic 340 may selectively provision thestream of traffic before accepting the stream of traffic. In oneembodiment, the apparatus 300 is Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers (IEEE) 802.1p compliant.

In another embodiment, the apparatus 300 is software configurable. Theapparatus 300 may include registers that may be written by software. Theapparatus 300 may include an interval time slot metering (ITSM) moderegister. The ITSM mode register includes an ITSM bit. The apparatus 300operates in the ITSM mode as described above when the ITSM bit is one.In one embodiment, the bucket 200 may be drained at the class time slot(CTS) Interval.

The apparatus 300 may operate in a port ingress rate limiting (PIRL)mode. The apparatus 300 operates in the PIRL mode when the ITSM bit iszero. In the PIRL mode, the message traffic through a port in the devicemay be rate limited. The PIRL mode rate limiting may not depend on aclass of information.

The apparatus 300 may include a class time slot register. The value ofthe class time slot interval may be selected by writing a value to theclass time slot register. In another embodiment, the class time slotregister selects the value of the class time slot interval by settingtwo control bits in the class time slot register. The two control bitsmay be class time slot register bits five and four. The value of theclass time slot interval is 62.5 micro-seconds when bits five and fourare zero. The value of the class time slot interval is 125 micro-secondswhen bit five is zero and bit four is one. The value of the class timeslot interval is 250 micro-seconds when bit five is one and bit four iszero. The value of the class time slot interval is 1 millisecond whenbit five is one and bit four is one. In one embodiment, a timergenerates the class time slot interval based on a reference clock from aprecise timing protocol (PTP) block. One of ordinary skill in the artwill appreciate that in some examples more than two bits may be used toselect the class time slot interval. One of ordinary skill in the artwill also appreciate that in some examples bits other than bits five andfour may be used to select the class time slot interval.

In one embodiment, the apparatus 300 may be implemented in a chip. Achip is a set of micro-miniaturized electronic circuits fabricated on asingle piece of semiconductor material. In another embodiment, theapparatus 300 is operably connected to a processor in a chip. In someembodiments, the apparatus 300 may be an integrated circuit. In someembodiments, the apparatus 300 may be a router, a switch, a gateway, anda network interface card (NIC). In other embodiments, the apparatus 300is implemented in a high definition television (HDTV), a vehicle, acellular phone, a set top box, a media player, or a Voice over InternetProtocol (VoIP) phone. For example, the apparatus 300 may be implementedin a high definition television to processes video packets.

Example methods may be better appreciated with reference to flowdiagrams. While for purposes of simplicity of explanation, theillustrated methodologies are shown and described as a series of blocks,it is to be appreciated that the methodologies are not limited by theorder of the blocks, as some blocks can occur in different orders and/orconcurrently with other blocks from that shown and described. Moreover,less than all the illustrated blocks may be required to implement anexample methodology. Blocks may be combined or separated into multiplecomponents. Furthermore, additional and/or alternative methodologies canemploy additional, not illustrated blocks.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example method 400 to process messages. The method400 includes, at 410, receiving a packet. The packet may be associatedwith an isochronous stream. The packet may also belong to a packetclass. In one embodiment, the packet class may be associated with aclass time slot interval. In another embodiment, the class time slotinterval may be 62.5 micro-seconds, 125 micro-seconds, 250micro-seconds, or 1 millisecond. The packet class may also be associatedwith a quality of service property.

The method 400 also includes, at 420, adding a value to the bucketcount. The packet size may be added to the bucket count. The packet sizemay be associated with the packet class. The packet size may be measuredin bytes. In some embodiments, the addition, at 420, is performed afterthe packet is received. In another embodiment, token credits are added,at 420, to the bucket when the packet is received. The bucket count maydepend, at least in part, on token credits.

The method 400 includes, at 430, subtracting a value from the bucketcount. The value subtracted may be a committed burst size (CBS) limit.The subtraction may be performed at the end of the class time slotinterval. The method 400 may prevent the bucket count from going belowzero by clipping negative bucket count values to zero. In anotherembodiment, token credits are subtracted, at 430, from the bucket at theend of a class time slot interval. In one embodiment, unused tokencredits are not flushed from the bucket count between class time slotintervals.

The method 400 includes determining, at 440, a port utilization value.The port utilization value is based on the bucket count. The packet maybe selectively processed based on the port utilization value. A streamof traffic may be provisioned based on determining, at 450, that theport utilization value is below a first threshold. The stream of trafficis associated with the packet. The stream of traffic may be provisionedusing a stream registration protocol (SRP).

In one embodiment, the method 400 drops, at 450, the packet when theport utilization value is determined, at 440, to be above an excessburst size (EBS) limit. The method 400 may forward, at 450, the packetwhen the port utilization value is determined, at 440, to be between thefirst threshold and a second threshold. In some embodiments, the method400 may send, at 450, a flow control message to a source of the packet.In one embodiment, the first threshold is a committed burst size (CBS)limit and the second threshold is an excess burst size (EBS) limit.

The method 400 may reject, at 450, the packet when the port utilizationvalue is determined, at 440, to be above the second threshold. Themethod 400 may send, at 450, a flow control message to a source of thepacket when the port utilization value is determined, at 440, to beabove the second threshold.

The method 400 may be executed in a router, a switch, a gateway, anetwork interface card (NIC), a high definition television (HDTV), avehicle, a cellular phone, a set top box, a media player, or a Voiceover Internet Protocol (VoIP) phone. The method 400 may be Institute ofElectrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.1p compliant. The method400 may also be executed in a chip. A chip is a set ofmicro-miniaturized electronic circuits fabricated on a single piece ofsemiconductor material.

FIG. 5 illustrates another example method 500 to process messages. Themethod 500 includes writing, at 510, a register. The register may be inan apparatus implementing the method. Writing the register may select avalue of the class time slot interval.

The method 500, receives, at 520, a packet as discussed above in method400. The method 500 also adds, at 530, a first value as discussed above.A second value is subtracted, at 540, as discussed above. A portutilization value is determined, at 550. The port utilization value maybe determined as discussed above in method 400.

The method 500, determines, at 560, if the port utilization value isabove a threshold. The packet is forwarded, at 570, if the portutilization value is below the threshold. The method 500, provisions, at580, a stream of traffic.

The packet is dropped, at 590, if the port utilization value is abovethe threshold. A flow control message is sent, at 595. The flow controlmessage is sent to an originator of the packet.

FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate another example method 600 to process messages.The method 600 makes a decision at 610, 620, and 630 based on whetherthe time slot has ended and whether a packet has been received. A timeslot may correspond to a time slot as discussed above for method 400 andmethod 500.

A determination is made, at 610, to determine if a packet was receivedand there is no end of a time slot. A first value is added, at 640, whenthere is a received packet and there is no end of a time slot. Theaddition, at 640, increases a bucket count. After the addition at 640,the method 600 then proceeds to make a determination, at 710 (FIG. 7). Adetermination is made, at 620, to determine if no packet was receivedand there is an end of a time slot. A second value is subtracted, at650, when there is no received packet and there is an end of a timeslot. The second value may be subtracted from the bucket count. Themethod 600 ends after the subtraction at 650.

A determination is made, at 630, to determine if a packet was receivedand there is an end of a time slot. A first value is added, at 660, whenthere is a received packet and there is an end of a time slot. Next, at670, the second value is subtracted from the bucket count. The methodflow then proceeds to make a determination at 710 (FIG. 7). The method600 ends when there is no received packet or there is no end of a timeslot.

Turning now to FIG. 7, the method 600, determines, at 710, whether thebucket count equal to or less than the committed burst size (CBS) limit.The packet is accepted, at 720, when the bucket count is less than orequal to the CBS limit. A determination is made, at 730, when the bucketcount is greater than the CBS limit.

A decision, at 730, is made as to whether an action mode is zero. Theaction mode may be a bit in a register. The packet is dropped, at 740,when the action mode is equal to zero. A decision is made at 750 whenthe action mode is not equal to zero.

The method 600, determines, at 750, whether the bucket count is lessthan or equal to the excess burst size (EBS) limit. The packet isaccepted, at 720, when the bucket count is less than or equal to EBSlimit. The packet is dropped, at 740, when the bucket count is greaterthan the EBS limit.

It will be appreciated that in one embodiment, the methods herein may beimplemented as computer executable instructions embodied and stored on acomputer-readable medium. When executed by a machine (e.g., processor,device) the instructions cause the machine to perform the methods hereinand their equivalents. The methods can also be implemented withcircuits.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example computing device in which example systemsand methods described herein, and equivalents, may be implemented. Theexample computing device may be a computer 800 that includes a processor810, a memory 820, and input/output ports 830 operably connected by abus 840. In one example, the computer 800 may include a bucket logic 850to process messages.

The bucket logic 850 provides means (e.g., hardware, stored software,firmware) for receiving a message and for processing the message. Thebucket logic 850 can be implemented similar to the apparatus 100 or 300,and/or combinations of their features.

The bucket logic 850 can include logic implemented, for example, as anASIC or other type of circuit.

Generally describing an example configuration of the computer 800, theprocessor 810 may be a variety of various processors including dualmicroprocessor and other multi-processor architectures. A memory 820 mayinclude volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memorymay include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read onlymemory (PROM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM),electronically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), and soon. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory(RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory(DRAM), and so on.

A disk 870 may be operably connected to the computer 800 via, forexample, through an input/output interface (e.g., card, device) 880 andthe input/output port 830. The disk 870 may be, for example, a magneticdisk drive, a solid state disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a tape drive,a Zip drive, a flash memory card, a memory stick, and so on.Furthermore, the disk 870 may be a compact disk read-only memory(CD-ROM) drive, a compact disk recordable (CD-R) drive, a compact diskrewritable (CD-RW) drive, a digital video disk read-only memory (DVDROM), and so on. The memory 820 can store a process 890 and/or a data860, for example. The disk 870 and/or the memory 820 can store anoperating system that controls and allocates resources of the computer800.

The bus 840 may be a single internal bus interconnect architectureand/or other bus or mesh architectures. While a single bus isillustrated, it is to be appreciated that the computer 800 maycommunicate with various devices, logics, and peripherals using otherbusses (e.g., peripheral component interconnect express (PCIE), 1394,universal serial bus (USB), Ethernet). The bus 840 can be typesincluding, for example, a memory bus, a memory controller, a peripheralbus, an external bus, a crossbar switch, and/or a local bus.

The computer 800 may interact with input/output devices via theinput/output (I/O) interfaces 880 including the bucket logic 850 and theinput/output ports 830. Input/output devices may be, for example, akeyboard, a microphone, a pointing and selection device, cameras, videocards, displays, the disk 870, the network devices 899, and so on. Theinput/output ports 830 may include, for example, serial ports, parallelports, and USB ports.

The computer 800 can operate in a network environment and thus may beconnected to the network devices 899 via the I/O interfaces 880, and/orthe I/O ports 830. Through the network devices 899, the computer 800 mayinteract with a network. Through the network, the computer 800 may belogically connected to remote computers. Networks with which thecomputer 800 may interact include, but are not limited to, a local areanetwork (LAN), a wide local area network (WLAN), a wide area network(WAN), and other networks.

FIGS. 9-14 show different embodiments where the apparatus 100, 300 (ofFIGS. 1 and 3), the system 400, 500, 600 (of FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7), orcombinations and equivalents thereof may be implemented. For example,the apparatus 100, 300 may be implemented in a device shown in FIGS.9-14. In some embodiments, the apparatus 100, 300, may be implemented ina processor or a network controller in one of the devices shown in FIGS.9-14. The examples shown in FIGS. 9-14 may also be in communication withother computer components.

Referring to FIG. 9, one embodiment may be implemented in a vehicle.Some embodiments may be implemented in a control system of a vehicle900. In some implementations, a powertrain control system 910 thatreceives inputs from one or more sensors 920 such as temperaturesensors, pressure sensors, rotational sensors, airflow sensors and/orany other suitable sensors and/or that generates one or more outputs 930such as engine operating parameters, transmission operating parameters,and/or other control signals.

The example embodiment may also be embodied in other vehicle controlsystems 940 of vehicle 900. The other vehicle control systems 940 maylikewise receive signals from input sensors 950 and/or output controlsignals to one or more outputs 960. In some implementations, the othercontrol systems 940 may be part of an anti-lock braking system (ABS), anavigation system, a telematics system, a vehicle telematics system, alane departure system, an adaptive cruise control system, a vehicleentertainment system such as a stereo, DVD, compact disc and the like.Still other implementations are contemplated.

The powertrain control system 910 may communicate with a mass datastorage 970 that stores data in a nonvolatile manner. Mass data storage970 may include optical and/or magnetic storage devices, for example,HDDs and/or DVDs. The HDD may be a mini HDD that includes one or moreplatters having a diameter that is smaller than approximately 1.8inches. The powertrain control system 910 may be connected to a memory980 such as RAM, ROM, low latency nonvolatile memory such as flashmemory and/or other suitable electronic data storage. The powertraincontrol system 910 also may support connections with a WLAN via a WLANnetwork interface 990. In this embodiment, the example systems andmethods may be implemented in this WLAN network interface 990, but otherarrangements are also possible. The other vehicle control system 940 mayalso include mass data storage, memory and/or a WLAN interface (all notshown).

Referring now to FIG. 10, some embodiments may be implemented in a highdefinition television (HDTV) 1000. The example embodiment may implementsignal processing and/or control circuits, which are generallyidentified in FIG. 10 at 1010. The HDTV 1000 receives HDTV input signalsin either a wired or wireless format and generates HDTV output signalsfor a display 1020. In some implementations, the signal processingcircuit and/or control circuit 1010 and/or other circuits (not shown) ofHDTV 1000 may process data, perform coding and/or encryption, performcalculations, format data and/or perform any other type of HDTVprocessing that may be required.

The HDTV 1000 may communicate with a mass data storage 1030 that storesdata in a nonvolatile manner by storing data in devices such as opticaland/or magnetic storage devices. In some embodiments, the mass datastorage 1030 may be a hard disk drive (HDD). The HDD may be a mini HDDthat includes one or more platters having a diameter that is smallerthan approximately 1.8 inches. HDTV 1000 may be connected to a memory1040 such as RAM, ROM, low latency nonvolatile memory such as flashmemory and/or other suitable electronic data storage. HDTV 1000 also maysupport connections with a wireless local area network (WLAN) via a WLANnetwork interface 1050. In this exemplary embodiment, example systemsand methods may be implemented in this WLAN network interface 1050, butother arrangements are also possible.

Referring now to FIG. 11, some embodiments may be implemented in acellular phone 1100 that may include a cellular antenna 1110. Theexample embodiment may implement signal processing and/or controlcircuits, which are generally identified in FIG. 11 at 1120. In someimplementations, the cellular phone 1100 includes a microphone 1130, anaudio output 1140 such as a speaker and/or audio output jack, a display1150 and/or an input device 1160 such as a keypad, pointing device,voice actuation and/or other input devices. The signal processing and/orcontrol circuits 1120 and/or other circuits (not shown) in the cellularphone 1100 may process data, perform coding and/or encryption, performcalculations, format data and/or perform other cellular phone functions.

The cellular phone 1100 may communicate with a mass data storage 1170that stores data in a nonvolatile manner such as in optical and/ormagnetic storage devices including, for example, HDDs and/or DVDs. TheHDD may be a mini HDD that includes one or more platters having adiameter that is smaller than approximately 1.8 inches. The cellularphone 1100 may be connected to a memory 1180 such as RAM, ROM, lowlatency nonvolatile memory such as flash memory and/or other suitableelectronic data storage. The cellular phone 1100 also may supportconnections with a WLAN via a WLAN network interface 1190. In thisexemplary embodiment, example systems and methods may be implemented inthis WLAN network interface 1190, but other arrangements are alsopossible.

Referring now to FIG. 12, some embodiments may be implemented in a settop box 1200. The embodiment may implement signal processing and/orcontrol circuits, which are generally identified in FIG. 12 at 1210. Theset top box 1200 receives signals from a source such as a broadbandsource and outputs standard and/or high definition audio/video signalssuitable for a display 1220 such as a television and/or monitor and/orother video and/or audio output devices. The signal processing and/orcontrol circuits 1210 and/or other circuits (not shown) of the set topbox 1200 may process data, perform coding and/or encryption, performcalculations, format data and/or perform any other set top box function.

The set top box 1200 may communicate with a mass data storage 1230 thatstores data in a nonvolatile manner. The mass data storage 1230 mayinclude optical and/or magnetic storage devices including, for example,HDDs and/or DVDs. The HDD may be a mini HDD that includes one or moreplatters having a diameter that is smaller than approximately 1.8inches. The set top box 1200 may be connected to a memory 1240 such asRAM, ROM, low latency nonvolatile memory such as flash memory and/orother suitable electronic data storage. The set top box 1200 also maysupport connections with a WLAN via a WLAN network interface 1250. Inthis embodiment, example systems and methods may be implemented in thisWLAN network interface 1250, but other arrangements are also possible.

Referring now to FIG. 13, some embodiments may be implemented in a mediaplayer 1300. The embodiment may implement signal processing and/orcontrol circuits, which are generally identified in FIG. 13 at 1310. Insome implementations, the media player 1300 includes a display 1320and/or a user input 1330 such as a keypad, touchpad and so on. In someimplementations, the media player 1300 may employ a graphical userinterface (GUI) that employs menus, drop down menus, icons and/or apoint-and-click interface via the display 1320 and/or the user input1330. The media player 1300 includes an audio output 1340 such as aspeaker and/or audio output jack. The signal processing and/or controlcircuits 1310 and/or other circuits (not shown) of media player 1300 mayprocess data, perform coding and/or encryption, perform calculations,format data and/or perform any other media player function.

The media player 1300 may communicate with a mass data storage 1350 thatstores data such as compressed audio and/or video content in anonvolatile manner. In some implementations, the compressed audio filesinclude files that are compliant with the MP3 format or other suitablecompressed audio and/or video formats. The mass data storage 1350 mayinclude optical and/or magnetic storage devices, for example, HDDsand/or DVDs. The HDD may be a mini HDD that includes one or moreplatters having a diameter that is smaller than approximately 1.8inches. The media player 1300 may be connected to a memory 1360 such asRAM, ROM, low latency nonvolatile memory such as flash memory and/orother suitable electronic data storage. The media player 1300 also maysupport connections with a WLAN via a WLAN network interface 1370. Inthis embodiment, example systems and methods may be implemented in thisWLAN network interface 1370, but other arrangements are also possible.Still other implementations in addition to those described above arecontemplated.

Referring to FIG. 14, some embodiments may be implemented in a Voiceover Internet Protocol (VoIP) phone 1400 that may include an antenna1410. The embodiment may implement signal processing and/or controlcircuits, which are generally identified in FIG. 14 at 1420. In someimplementations, the VoIP phone 1400 includes a microphone 1430, anaudio output 1440 (e.g., speaker, audio output jack), a display 1450, aninput device 1460 such as a keypad, pointing device, voice actuationand/or other input devices, and a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)communication module 1470. The signal processing and/or control circuits1420 and/or other circuits (not shown) in VoIP phone 1400 may processdata, perform coding and/or encryption, perform calculations, formatdata and/or perform other VoIP phone functions.

The VoIP phone 1400 may communicate with a mass data storage 1480 thatstores data in a nonvolatile manner such as optical and/or magneticstorage devices, for example HDDs and/or DVDs. The HDD may be a mini HDDthat includes one or more platters having a diameter that is smallerthan approximately 1.8 inches. The VoIP phone 1400 may be connected to amemory 1490, which may be a RAM, ROM, low latency nonvolatile memorysuch as flash memory and/or other suitable electronic data storage. TheVoIP phone 1400 is configured to establish communications link with aVoIP network (not shown) via Wi-Fi communication module 1470. In thisembodiment, example systems and methods may be implemented in this Wi-Ficommunication module 1470, but other arrangements are also possible.

While example systems, methods, and so on have been illustrated bydescribing examples, and while the examples have been described inconsiderable detail, it is not the intention of the applicants torestrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to suchdetail. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivablecombination of components or methodologies for purposes of describingthe systems, methods, and so on described herein. Therefore, theinvention is not limited to the specific details, the representativeapparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described. Thus, thisapplication is intended to embrace alterations, modifications, andvariations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

To the extent that the term “includes” or “including” is employed in thedetailed description or the claims, it is intended to be inclusive in amanner similar to the term “comprising” as that term is interpreted whenemployed as a transitional word in a claim.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: interacting with a messageassociated with an isochronous stream, where the message is associatedwith a class of information provided on the isochronous stream;monitoring messages associated with the class of information todetermine a class history for the class of information, where thedetermining comprises: determining a bucket value associated with theclass history and storing the bucket value in a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium, increasing the bucket value when the messageis received, and decreasing the bucket value at the end of a class timeslot interval associated with the isochronous stream; and processing themessages based at least in part on the bucket value.
 2. The method ofclaim 1, where processing the message based at least in part on thebucket value comprises: accepting the message, rejecting the message, oraccepting the message with qualifications; and where the message isaccepted when a value of the class history is below a first threshold,where the message with qualifications is accepted when a value of theclass history is between the first threshold and a second threshold, andwhere the message is rejected when a value of the class history is abovethe second threshold.
 3. The method of claim 2, where the firstthreshold is a committed burst size (CBS) limit and the second thresholdis an excess burst size (EBS) limit.
 4. The method of claim 2, where themessage is received on a port, and where the messages are monitoredassociated with the class of information on the port.
 5. A method,comprising: receiving a packet associated with an isochronous stream,the packet belonging to a packet class; adding a first value to a bucketcount associated with the packet class, where the packet class isassociated with a class time slot interval and a quality of serviceproperty; subtracting a second value from the bucket count at the end ofthe class time slot interval; determining a port utilization value basedon the bucket count; and selectively processing the packet based on theport utilization value.
 6. The method of claim 5, where the first valuerepresents a packet size measured in bytes of a received packet.
 7. Themethod of claim 5, where the second value is a committed burst size(CBS) limit.
 8. The method of claim 5, where a value of the class timeslot interval is selected by writing the value to a register.
 9. Themethod of claim 5, further comprising selectively provisioning a streamof traffic associated with the packet using a stream registrationprotocol (SRP), where the stream of traffic is provisioned when the portutilization value is below a threshold value.
 10. The method of claim 5,further comprising selectively provisioning the isochronous streambefore accepting the isochronous stream.
 11. The method of claim 5,further comprising dropping the packet when the port utilization valueis above an excess burst size (EBS) limit.
 12. The method of claim 5,further comprising, where upon determining that the port utilizationvalue is between a first threshold and a second threshold, accepting thepacket and forwarding the packet.
 13. The method of claim 12, where upondetermining that the port utilization value is above the secondthreshold, rejecting the packet and sending a flow control message to asource of the packet.
 14. The method of claim 12, where the firstthreshold is a committed burst size (CBS) limit and the second thresholdis an excess burst size (EBS) limit.
 15. A non-transitorycomputer-readable medium comprising logic that when executed by a devicecauses the device to perform a method, the method comprising: processinga packet from a video stream, the packet belonging to a packet classthat is associated with a class time slot interval; adding andsubtracting values from a bucket count based at least in part on thepacket class and the class time slot interval of the packet; determininga port utilization value based at least in part on the bucket count; andselectively processing the packet based at least in part on the portutilization value.
 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium ofclaim 15, where selectively processing the packet based on the portutilization value includes: upon determining that the port utilizationvalue is below a first threshold, selectively provisioning the videostream associated with the packet using a stream registration protocol(SRP).
 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15,where selectively processing the packet based on the port utilizationvalue includes: upon determining the port utilization value is above anexcess burst size (EBS) limit, dropping the packet.
 18. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, where selectivelyprocessing the packet based on the port utilization value includes: upondetermining that the port utilization value is between the firstthreshold and a second threshold, forwarding the packet and sending aflow control message to a source of the packet; and upon determiningthat the port utilization value is above the second threshold, rejectingthe packet and sending a flow control message to the source of thepacket.
 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15,where the device is a router, a switch, a gateway, or a networkinterface card (NIC).